singled out and listed below. (See Table 3) Table 3 Results on change of voice Change of Voice Active Active Passive Active ST1 TT1 (%) 3 (2(世博北京翻譯公司)7.3) 8 (72(世博北京翻譯公司).7) ST2(世博北京翻譯公司) TT2(世博北京翻譯公司) (%) 2(世博北京翻譯公司) (50.0) 2(世博北京翻譯公司) (50.0) ST3 TT3 (%) 1 (2(世博北京翻譯公司)5.0) 3 (75.0) *The figure represents the voice changing frequency of the sentences converted into TT. 首先明確語料分析方法，而后從語言學的角度將語料進行歸類和分析， 首先明確語料分析方法，而后從語言學的角度將語料進行歸類和分析，并輔 以表格對數據進行總結和對比，使得整體分析清楚、具體、可信。 以表格對數據進行總結和對比，使得整體分析清楚、具體、可信。 語言清楚流暢。 語言清楚流暢。 標題和正文內容和格式符合要求。 標題和正文內容和格式符合要求。  

2(世博北京翻譯公司) Samples of Results and Suggestions  

5. Results and Suggestions How to translate children’s literature? Why so many poorly translated versions of children’s literature exist? My investigation shows the phenomenon in translating children’s literature is just the same as what Lu Xun said. That is to say, many translators are apt to rigidly adhere to the original text and dare not translate it in a free way so that the translation is very difficult for the children to read (Lu, 14: 2(世博北京翻譯公司)37; Translated by Chen). Professor Zhao, as a famous linguist, provided a respectful version of Alice, rendering the numerous witty words, puns, and humorous expressions successfully. Citing what Sun Zhili (孫，1984) once spoke highly of Vanity Fair (《名利場》) by Yang Bi, the reason why Professor Zhao’s version is universally acknowledged as a fine translation is as follows, … the translator has, on the one hand, tried his utmost to keep the charm of the original and on the other taken the law and usage of his mother tongue into full consideration. As a result, so pure, natural and colorful a Chinese translation is achieved that the reader can be inspired, moved and aesthetically entertained in the a\same way as one reads the original. 5.1 Results Form the above examples of translations of figures of speech, such as simile, pun and assonance, we can see that both literal translation and free translation are employed in the translation process. However, the latter is more often used than the former when the target text will be more difficult to understand if it is just similar to the source one in form. Excellent translation will be essentially a flexible way of making good use of both literal translation and free translation. Then what translation strategy is more appropriate for translating figures of speech in  

the original? My research has come to the following findings: (1) The children reader’s response is still a significant criterion and the main consideration in translating children’s literature. No matter what words, sentences or tone they choose, the translators should consider whether the translations are suitable for children and try to arouse esthetic sentiment in children. (2(世博北京翻譯公司)) When they come cross too formal words in the original, good Chinese translators would try very hard to find suitable solutions for them. For example, the Chinese word “quan wei” （ “權威” as translation of “authority” is such a formal one that ） it is beyond the reach of young children’s intelligence. The best solution so far is to choose the most familiar words for children within their experience. “Yaojin renwu”(“要緊人物”) is much better than the former. (e.g. Example 1 ) (3) The words used in the translation should be oral language as much as possible so that children readers could understand them. When they read the children’s literature, children usually feel enjoyable as if someone is telling them a story. Therefore, colloquial language is needed to suit for this kind of feeling. So words like “zheng xiang”（ “正象” ）instead of “you zhi hu ”（ “猶之乎” ）and “xue xi” （ “學習” ）instead of “ji qu”（ “汲取”，are childish and readable words chosen ） successfully in view of the characteristics of children’s language. (e.g. Examples 3 and 5 ) (4) Puns are very difficult to be rendered well. When there is no equivalent pun in Chinese, for instance, the associations of two words (“not” and “knot”) in the source language is lost in the target language, the translator may try to employ the method of substitution. The translator should try his best to create a new pun in Chinese to achieve a similar effect even if it cannot match the original meaning (e.g. Professor Zhao’s version in Example 7). As compared, if translated literally, it would be wordy and difficult for Chinese young readers to understand (e.g. Li’s   翻譯公司 (責任編輯：世博翻譯公司)